## What Thymosin Alpha-1 is
Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid thymic peptide that modulates immunity primarily through TLR-2 and TLR-9 agonism, promoting T-cell maturation, reversing T-cell exhaustion, activating NK cells, and balancing pro/anti-inflammatory responses. Approved in 35+ countries for viral hepatitis and cancer immunotherapy adjunct. It has a molecular formula C129H215N33O55, mass 3108.29 Da. Its published amino-acid sequence is Ac-SDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN. Common synonyms in the literature include Tα1, TA1, and Thymalfasin.
## What it's studied for
Investigation of Thymosin Alpha-1 to date is clinical-investigational, with the majority of citations concentrated in animal models and in-vitro assays rather than randomized controlled human trials. Published work referencing Thymosin Alpha-1 spans Hepatitis B/C treatment: Tα1 is approved in numerous countries as adjunct therapy for chronic viral hepatitis. Clinical studies show improved sustained virological response rates when combined with standard antiviral therapies, enhanced T-cell responses to viral antigens, and improved clearance of hepatitis B e-antigen, Cancer immunotherapy adjunct: Research and approved use in some countries examines Tα1 as an immunoadjuvant alongside chemotherapy. Studies report enhanced immune recovery, reduced chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, and improved quality of life measures in cancer patients, and COVID-19 research: During the pandemic, studies examined Tα1's ability to modulate cytokine dysregulation in severe COVID-19. Ex vivo treatment of COVID-19 patient blood cells reduced IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression while maintaining IL-10, suggesting potential for cytokine storm mitigation. Proposed mechanisms in the literature include TLR2/TLR9 signaling: engages Toll-like receptors on dendritic cells, activating NF-κB and JNK/p38/AP1 pathways and Dendritic cell activation: stimulates myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs to initiate adaptive immune responses. None of this material describes therapeutic outcomes in humans, and BioInfinity does not sell, market, or provide dosing guidance for Thymosin Alpha-1 outside laboratory research.
## Laboratory handling — storage and reconstitution
Lyophilized Thymosin Alpha-1 arrives as a fluffy off-white solid inside a sealed sterile vial. Because it ships as a lyophilized peptide (3108.29 Da), the powder is best stored between 2–8 °C prior to reconstitution and returned to −20 °C in aliquots for long-term storage post-reconstitution. Reconstitution is typically performed with bacteriostatic water (0.9 % benzyl alcohol preserved) rather than sterile water because the preservative extends solution stability once the vial has been punctured. Warming the reconstituted solution to room temperature before drawing helps redissolve any peptide that has settled against the vial wall. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles: for peptides in this molecular-weight range (3108.29 Da), freeze–thaw stress is one of the most common causes of loss-of-purity between batches.
## How this batch is verified
Every batch of Thymosin Alpha-1 ships with a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis produced by an ISO-accredited third-party analytical laboratory. Reversed-phase HPLC confirms the assay against the expected 3108.29 Da mass (C129H215N33O55); mass spectrometry validates the exact monoisotopic mass; endotoxin (LAL) testing confirms bacterial-contamination limits appropriate for laboratory research; and residual-solvent panels confirm the manufacturing pipeline. The lot number on the outer label matches the COA on the public /coa-library page — every purity claim is independently verifiable before you open the vial.
## Related research
For the full mechanistic profile, published references, and constraint notes on Thymosin Alpha-1, see the [Thymosin Alpha-1 research page](/research/thymosin-alpha-1). All references cited on that page are peer-reviewed primary literature.
**Research use only.** Thymosin Alpha-1 is sold strictly for in-vitro and animal research. It is not a drug, food, supplement, or cosmetic and is not intended for human or veterinary consumption. No statements on this page describe or imply any therapeutic effect.
Researchers should refer to peer-reviewed publications for primary sources on this compound. Thymosin Alpha-1 is sold strictly for laboratory research use and is not intended for human or veterinary use.
