Third-Party Tested by Verum Analytics
Thymosin Alpha-1
Synthetic thymic hormone — the most-researched peptide for immune modulation, T-cell recovery, and vaccine response.
Third-Party Tested by Verum Analytics
Albert's Verdict
TA-1 is one of the most clinically validated immunomodulatory peptides we carry — the dendritic cell activation and T-helper balance data from oncology-adjacent research is compelling. This is a serious immune research compound.
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Arrives as lyophilized (powder) form
Shipped freeze-dried for maximum stability and shelf life. See laboratory preparation guide for handling instructions.
Product Description
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1 / Thymalfasin / Zadaxin) is a synthetic 28-amino-acid peptide identical to a naturally occurring thymic hormone. It is one of the most extensively studied immune-modulation peptides in the world — approved in 35+ countries with a safety record of <1% serious adverse events across 11,000+ patients.
Recent 2024–2025 research in advanced solid-tumor cancer patients showed a 7-day loading dose increased total T cells from 422.5/μL to 614.0/μL (P<0.001), with significant elevations in CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. Studied for immune recovery, enhanced vaccine responses (elderly, hemodialysis patients), viral infections, and adjunct cancer research. For research use only. Not for human or veterinary consumption.
Technical Specifications
- Molecular Formula
- C129H215N33O55
- Molecular Weight
- 3108.29 g/mol
- Sequence
- Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn
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Frequently Researched Together
Commonly studied alongside in laboratory settings
Learn More About This Peptide
Research Use Only: This product is intended for laboratory research purposes only. Not for human consumption.
Thymosin Alpha-1 — clinical & mechanistic profile
Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid thymic peptide that modulates immunity primarily through TLR-2 and TLR-9 agonism, promoting T-cell maturation, reversing T-cell exhaustion, activating NK cells, and balancing pro/anti-inflammatory responses. Approved in 35+ countries for viral hepatitis and cancer immunotherapy adjunct.
Research status
clinical investigational
Sequence
Ac-SDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN
Molecular weight
3108.29 g/mol
Molecular formula
C129H215N33O55
Studied applications
- •TLR-2/TLR-9 agonism: engages Toll-like receptors on dendritic cells, triggering innate immune cascades
- •T-cell effects: elevates CD4+/CD8+ maturation, prevents apoptosis, reverses exhaustion in sepsis/COVID-19/HIV contexts
- •Anti-tumor activity: directly inhibits tumor proliferation and migration alongside immune stimulation
- •Hepatitis treatment: decreases inflammation, enhances antioxidant enzymes, reduces viral replication
- •Sepsis mortality reduction: meta-analysis indicates reduced 28-day mortality with T-cell restoration
- •HIV restoration: 2024 trial shows restored T-cell responses in HIV nonresponders
Mechanisms of action
- •TLR2/TLR9 signaling: engages Toll-like receptors on dendritic cells, activating NF-κB and JNK/p38/AP1 pathways
- •Dendritic cell activation: stimulates myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs to initiate adaptive immune responses
- •T-cell homeostasis: increases CD4+ and CD8+ maturation, prevents apoptosis, reverses exhaustion, modulates to avoid excessive activation
- •Anti-tumor direct action: inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration via PTEN-mediated apoptosis and STAT3-MMP2 inhibition
- •Cytokine modulation: increases IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-3 production; reduces IL-1β and TNF-α for anti-inflammatory benefits
- •NK cell activation: enhances natural killer cell activity and MHC I/viral antigen presentation
- •Not approved by FDA in the United States—approved in 35+ other countries
- •Clinical trials ongoing for various indications but not FDA approved for any
- •Effects are contextual—immunostimulatory in suppressed states, regulatory in hyperactivated states
- •Manufacturing requires complex peptide synthesis processes
- •Long-term safety data varies by indication and population studied
Peer-reviewed references
- Romani L, et al. — Thymosin alpha-1 mechanism review (2016)PMID: 27450734View
- Thymosin alpha-1 immunomodulatory effectsPMID: 25296849View
- COVID-19 cytokine modulation researchPMID: 33327170View
- Severe acute pancreatitis immunomodulation studiesPMID: 31912100View
- PMC7747025 — Comprehensive Tα1 mechanism and anti-tumor review
For research use only. This summary is a research-scientific overview compiled from peer-reviewed sources. It is not medical advice and is not intended for human or veterinary consumption.